Let me only add that the effect is by no means exotic. In fact, it occurs in a world largely ignored by today's mythological science – the world of PHASE TRANSITIONS. As a small "signal" reaches the periphery of a large assembly of molecules (water bound to biopolymers is a very suitable substrate), all the molecules in the assembly may undergo a change much extensive than the initial "signal". There are many biological examples, but no theory is possible for the following reason. Scientists intuitively feel that this direction leads to violation of the second law. If the "signal" is small, the work for introducing and then removing it cannot be great. On the other hand, if the effect is so great, the work done by the effect might prove too large with respect to the work involved in "signalling", and the net work extracted from an isothermal cycle may prove positive. By going in that direction, scientists may suddenly understand the real acting forces in living systems and the logic of biological evolution - very dangerous discoveries indeed.

Pentcho